LAUSR

Background The risk related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) 4 is uncertain and remains a concern. Aims We aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of ERCP in patients with PS4 compared to those in patients with PS0–3. Methods A total of 1845 patients met the eligibility criteria for study inclusion between 2014 and 2018. The patients were divided into two groups: PS0–3 and PS4 groups. The adverse event and therapeutic success rates in each group were compared. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences between the groups. Results The therapeutic success rate was 96% in both groups. The overall adverse event rate was 6% and 10% in the PS0–3 and PS4 groups, respectively, showing no significant difference ( P  = 0.272). Although the rates of pancreatitis, bleeding, perforation, and cholangitis were equivalent in both groups, the pulmonary adverse event rate was significantly higher in the PS4 group (5% vs. 0.4%; P  = 0.006). Severe adverse events were also significantly more frequent in the PS4 group (8% vs. 2%; P  = 0.012). Multivariate analyses showed that long procedure time was a significant risk factor for adverse events in patients with PS4 (odds ratio, 10.70; 95% CI 1.30–87.70; P  = 0.028). Conclusions Although ERCP can be performed effectively in patients with PS4, the risk of pulmonary and severe adverse events is high. Prolonged procedures should be avoided in patients with PS4.