LAUSR

This work investigated the effects of current density and deposition time on the properties of electrodeposited PbO2. The PbO2 preparation was conducted on Ti/SnO2–Sb substrates by galvanostatic anodic deposition in a newly proposed methanesulfonate electrolytic solution. Phase constituents and microstructures of the deposited PbO2 coatings were characterized. Increasing current density in the range ≤ 100 mA cm− 2 leads to the formation of highly textured coatings with an increased content of α-PbO2 phase. Concurrently, a high current density favors a compact and flat surface morphology. The study of deposition time indicates a change of crystallite growth manner from an initially random growth to a later-stage preferred growth along distinct orientations. The change of crystallite growth is corroborated by the cross-sectional microstructures of the PbO2 deposits. The microstructural transition occurs only in the initial deposition stage. After a brief period, prolonged electrodeposition barely changes the surface morphology of PbO2 coatings.Graphical Abstract