LAUSR

The application of the nanofluid is highly increased due to its high heat rate in the attendance of the magnetic field. In current investigation, CFD is employed to model the impact of the non-homogenous magnetic force on the heat performance of backward-facing step nanomaterial flow. Current attempt tries to investigate the influence of the variable magnetic source on the flow feature of the nanofluid stream in the backward-facing step model. To study this problem, a vertical electrical wire is chosen to produce non-homogenous magnetic field. In our model, 4 Vol% nanoparticles ( $${\text{Fe}}_{3} {\text{O}}_{4}$$ Fe 3 O 4 ) are added to pure water to attain nanofluid. To simulate the nanofluid in our work, the FVM technique is selected. Our results initially validated with experimental studies and good agreement is achieved. Inclusive parametric evaluation is made to find the impact of non-uniform magnetic field and inflow nanofluid velocity on the thermal efficiency of backward-facing step flow.. Our results show that local heat transfer could increase up to 300% with impose of such source. Moreover, the rising number of the magnetic sources could extensively enhance the thermal feature.