The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the formation of an equilibrium nanobubble at a smooth, hydrophobic solid/water interface. The analysis utilizes the Kelvin equation and the electrostatic energy of… Click to show full abstract
The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the formation of an equilibrium nanobubble at a smooth, hydrophobic solid/water interface. The analysis utilizes the Kelvin equation and the electrostatic energy of the bubble/water electric double layer. The presence of the minimum Gibbs energy indicates to a possibility of self-induced generation of nanobubbles, their equilibrium and long-term stability.
               
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