LAUSR

Gynogenesis is an important breeding method in aquaculture and has been widely applied to many fish species. If gynogenetic progenies are to inherit paternal partial genomic DNA, this will increase genetic variation and will provide a useful outcome for breeding. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation in homeobox ( Hox ) gene clusters ( HoxA4a, HoxA9a, HoxA11b, HoxB1b, HoxC4a, HoxC6b , and HoxD10a ) among koi carp ( Cyprinus carpio haematopterus , KOC; the stimulation sperm source), grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ), and gynogenetic grass carp (GGC). We found paternal DNA (a special DNA fragment and HoxC6b ) derived from KOC and a recombinant gene belonging to HoxC6b in GGC. We are the first to report the recombinant HoxC6b in GGC. Our study provides further evidence for paternal DNA transmission to gynogenetic progenies, which is a finding with great significance for the genetic breeding of fish.