LAUSR

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and it is associated with increased risk of ischaemic stroke, heart failure and mortality [1]. Cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent in patients with AF and vice versa [2]. In the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of AF, systematic assessment and management of modifiable concomitant cardiovascular risk factors are important pillars of the ABC approach (Anticoagulation/Avoid stroke-Better symptom control-Comorbidities/Cardiovascular risk factor management) [1]. In addition to oral anticoagulation for prevention of stroke, better management of symptoms by heart rate control and restoration of sinus rhythm with antiarrhythmic drugs or through catheter ablation is recommended. Despite enormous progress in ablation technology, interventional treatment of AF with catheter ablation remains a challenge, in particular when the absence of AF during follow-up is considered as an endpoint [3].