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Pan Pelletization of Bone Char Fertilizer: An Evaluation of Process Parameters and Their Effect on Granule Strength

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Rock phosphorous (P) resource reduction, a high-cost increment of fertilizer bears pressure for developing countries' small-scale farmers. Extracting P from slaughterhouse waste through pyrolysis and producing bone char is a… Click to show full abstract

Rock phosphorous (P) resource reduction, a high-cost increment of fertilizer bears pressure for developing countries' small-scale farmers. Extracting P from slaughterhouse waste through pyrolysis and producing bone char is a promising solution, although handling of bone char is an issue. Thus, the objective of this research was, to produce bone char fertilizer granules to avoid wide size variation of bone char particles, easy handling and transportation, and easy application of the bone char fertilizer. Primarily, bone char used for pelletization was produced in wood-fueled, barrel type pyrolysis kiln, and the samples were ground into a powder (0.25 mm) subsequently. Then, pelletization was done using DP-14 model pelletizer and using 5% solution of Corn starch as a binder. To produce the durable bone char pellet, more than 50 trials have been conducted and above 200 samples passed through different testing. Therefore, this research asserts, durable bone char fertilizer granule can be produced and the granulation technique is the possible way to produce bone char fertilizer.

Keywords: char fertilizer; bone; bone char; pelletization

Journal Title: Waste and Biomass Valorization
Year Published: 2021

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