LAUSR

Our paper includes the results of a numerical simulation performed to study the nanofluid flow around a set of 2D cylinder arrangements. Two types of nanofluids involving Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles dispersed separately in base fluids of water and ethylene glycol mixture 60:40; those nanofluids were taken to evaluate their effect on the flow around different equilateral-triangular arrangements of cylinders. The continuity and the momentum equations have been numerically solved by using a special technic named “SIMPLE algorithm.” Besides, the thermo-physical parameters of nanofluids have been evaluated using the theory of one fluid phase; thus, contemporary correlations of thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids have been used in this paper as well as our previous work (Int J Adv Technol 7(4)0976–4860, 2016). The correlations are functions of particle volumetric concentration as well as temperature. The results of heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid flow around 2D cylinder arrangement revealed clear improvement compared with the base fluids. This enhancement is very interesting in engineering of flows with different equilateral-triangular arrangement characteristics of cylinders, while the gap ratios (G/D) of the three cylinders and incidence angle exert an enhancement efficiency influence on the heat transfer characteristics. The achieved results indicate that the use of aspect ratio 2.26 and incidence angle 1.98° leads to the high amounts of heat transfer inside the tube. In this study, the results obtained can be a fruitful source for developing and validating of new codes both in a scientific and commercial manner.