LAUSR

Purpose of ReviewDematiaceous, or black fungi, are distinguished from other fungal species by the presence of melanin. They are ubiquitous and commonly found in soil, though rarely cause infection in humans. As a result, randomized clinical trials are impractical and reliable data regarding management is not available. Our aim is to summarize what is known and what needs to be studied in the future.Recent FindingsThese fungi can cause superficial and disseminated infection in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals and are often difficult to treat, requiring both surgical intervention and prolonged medical therapy. No specific diagnostic tests are available. Combination antifungal therapy may provide better outcomes than traditional approaches to treatment.SummaryBlack fungi are increasingly recognized as causing disease, though high clinical suspicion is needed to establish the diagnosis. Standard therapies are lacking; management is based on in vitro data, animal studies, and clinical experience with expert opinions derived primarily from descriptive case studies. Further studies focused on diagnostic and management strategies are needed.