LAUSR

Abstract This chapter proposes studying coastal and marine social-ecological environments at different scales on different levels. This is exemplified by a case study from Indonesia. The Indonesian case shows paradigmatically how perceived or felt global climate and environmental changes produce economic, social, and cultural dimensions of change. Scales are the space, time, or governance-related dimensions. Levels are located at different positions on a scale and include the global level as well as the local to regional level comparative case studies. Social-ecological sustainability problems are caused by drivers from multiple levels of the Earth's system. A coastal and marine typology is developed on the basis of the case study to understand and compare the ecological, sociocultural, and economic aspects of coastal and marine systems. More case examples need to be added in order to eventually serve as a management or governance tool to facilitate sustainable coastal and ocean management.