LAUSR

Abstract Poor cycle performance and low coulombic efficiency are bottleneck problems that hinder the further development of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. In this study, vapor silica-supported S is prepared by using a facile impregnation method and applied as cathode for Li–S batteries. Results indicate that approximately 43.7% of S is loaded into polyporous vapor silica. The prepared material also displays excellent electrochemical performance. After 200 cycles at a current density of 1000 mA·g−1, a capacity of 710 mAh·g−1 with a reversible capacity retention rate of 85% with coulombic efficiency of 100% is obtained. At a large current density of 2000 mA·g−1, the capacity of 605 mAh·g−1 is maintained after 300 cycles. This material contributes impressive surface-controlled pseudocapacity and high Li ion diffusion coefficient, which helps obtain high capacity and good rate performance during cycles. These results suggest that the prepared vapor silica-supported S can meet the needs of next-generation long-life Li–S batteries.