LAUSR

In most emerging industries including batteries, solar cells, electronic components, printed electronics, the material processing can be understood based on a single platform – ‘transport phenomena of complex fluids’ – which has rarely been in the subject of academic research. This paper covers the complexity in these applications, which is strengthened by the use of nanoparticles. The key concept hidden underneath of this platform is heterogeneity which keeps on changing during processing, leading to a broad spectrum of microstructure and composition. Thus, we have to control heterogeneity for better design of materials and processing. Conventional approach is not enough, and we need a new paradigm in materials processing, which is the control of heterogeneity.