LAUSR

Abstract Long-term large-scale use of chemical fertilizers will destroy soil fertility, reduce fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizers, and lead to crop yield reduction. The application of organic fertilizer can improve soil fertility, provide favorable conditions for crop growth, and promote crop yield. In order to improve the utilization rate and operation efficiency of organic fertilizer in hilly areas and promote the sustainable development of agriculture, this paper designs and studies a lightweight organic fertilizer distributor combined with the current situation of fertilization in hilly areas of China. The lightweight organic fertilizer distributor studied in this paper adopts the top-row row fertilizer method, which mainly consists of the top-row fertilizer apparatus with horizontal scrapers, the horizontal scraper elevating mechanism, the control system and the subsidiary mechanism. In this paper, the mechanical model of horizontal scraper is established and the mathematical model of fertilizer output of fertilizer dispenser is built by analyzing the principle of fertilizer dispensing. The design of each hardware circuit has been completed and the fertilizer control algorithm of the fertilizer applicator has been determined. The performance test of the fertilizer dispenser and the performance test of the whole fertilizer dispenser are carried out. The results show that the control system works steadily and reliably. When the forward speed of the fertilizer applicator is normal (0.5–1.2 m/s) and the set amount of fertilizer application is 900–2100 kg/hm2, the fertilization amount is accurate, the maximum deviation between the actual amount of fertilizer application and the set amount of fertilizer application is less than 10%; the fertilization uniformity is good and the variation coefficient of uniformity is less than 7%, the actual amount of fertilizer application per unit area, the uniformity of fertilizer application and the forward speed of the fertilizer applicator are good. It has nothing to do with the design requirements.