LAUSR

HighlightsPremature termination codons are susceptible to constitutive readthrough.Readthrough compounds may restore synthesis of a functional full‐length protein.Mutations that alter splicing induce inappropriate inclusion or skipping of an exon.Oligonucleotide‐based therapies inhibit or activate specific splicing events. &NA; Premature termination codons (PTC) originate from nucleotide substitution introducing an in‐frame PTC. They induce truncated, usually non‐functional, proteins, degradation of the PTC containing transcripts by the nonsense‐mediated decay (NMD) pathway and abnormal exon skipping. Readthrough compounds facilitate near cognate amino‐acyl‐tRNA incorporation, leading potentially to restoration of a functional full‐length protein. Splicing mutations can lead to aberrantly spliced transcripts by creating a cryptic splice site or destroying a normal site. Most mutations result in disruption of the open reading frame and activation of NMD. Antisense oligonucleotides are single stranded short synthetic RNA‐like molecules chemically modified to improve their stability and ability to recognize their target RNAs and modify the splice site. This review focuses on recent developments in therapies aiming to improve the health of CF patients carrying nonsense or splicing mutations.