LAUSR

Abstract In this study, through the chemical vapor deposition method, we nanofabricated heteroatom graphene (HGr) and dispersed it into poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly (styrene sulfonate) to obtain a nanostructured interface material for bioelectronic applications. With X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the existence of chlorine, nitrogen, and oxygen as dopants in the lattice of the as-synthesized HGr framework is verified, while structural assessment is performed by Raman spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy disclosed that the synthesized material contained sp2 hybridized carbons. The electrobiocatalytic activity of the conjugate interface material is examined by chronoamperometry using glucose as a sample analyte. The electrobiocatalytic test shows a sensitivity of 381.29 μA mM−1 cm−2, linear response of 1.393 to 8.752 mM and detection limit of 0.05 mM towards glucose sensing. Density Functional Theory (DFT) method is used to study glucose adsorption on Cl-, O-, and N-doped HGr. DFT findings indicated that the existence of Cl as a dopant on the graphene nanosheet greatly favored glucose adsorption on the doped graphene. The adsorption of the glucose molecule is accomplished through the transfer of electrons from the doped graphene to the glucose molecule, which improves the sensing response. The combined computational and experimental studies have shown that the introduced dopants improve the HGr electrobiocatalytic activity.