Abstract A new Bi 2 O 3 structure resembling bundles of needles was prepared by anodic oxidation of a bismuth substrate in H 2 SO 4 electrolyte followed by annealing… Click to show full abstract
Abstract A new Bi 2 O 3 structure resembling bundles of needles was prepared by anodic oxidation of a bismuth substrate in H 2 SO 4 electrolyte followed by annealing in air. Needle growth occurred on the timescale of minutes. The resulting porcupine-like needle bundles were characterized using SEM and XRD before and after annealing. The as-grown needles consisted of bismuth aqua sulfate hydroxide; however, upon annealing at 250 °C in air, tetragonal β-Bi 2 O 3 was produced without any morphological change.
               
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