LAUSR

Depression is associated with more than 100,000 patent applications for its diagnosis and prognosis, the highest number among mental disorders. This is followed by schizophrenia with 47,000, bipolar disorder with 32,110 and hypomania with 11,377. Among diagnostic tools, magnetic resonance imaging is associated with more than 31,000 patent applications. Among recent technologies, biomarkers are associated with more than 12,000 epigenetics with about 970 metabolomics with 515 genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 486 and bionics with 497 patent applications. The patent applications related to diagnosis and prognosis of psychiatric diseases peaked in 2008 and was overall decreasing until 2016, with a local peak in 2013. This trend has been observed despite the value addition of recent technologies like machine learning, big data and internet of things. However, more conservative diagnostic tools from the last decade like magnetic resonance imaging, epigenetics, bionics and neuro-psychological testing are improved by the recent technologies. For example, bionics is improved by sensors of internet of things to collect the data from patients around the world and use the big data analytics to efficiently diagnose the psychiatric diseases. The Regents of the University of California and Human Genome Sciences Incorporation are the respective academic and non-academic institutions leading the innovations related to diagnosis and prognosis of psychiatric diseases. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest.