Abstract The northern hardwoods forest ecosystem of eastern North America provides a wealth of products and services to human society. These forests have been managed under partial harvesting treatments to… Click to show full abstract
Abstract The northern hardwoods forest ecosystem of eastern North America provides a wealth of products and services to human society. These forests have been managed under partial harvesting treatments to meet wood production objectives of desired species while maintaining or increasing structural and compositional heterogeneity. Few studies have examined how disturbance and site factors interactions may influence sapling dynamics and species diversity in northern hardwood forests. We used a retrospective approach to examine the impacts of disturbance and site factors on sapling (trees > 130 cm in height and
               
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