LAUSR

Abstract Microscopic characteristics of the impinging spray have a significant effect on atomization and pollutant emissions. Therefore, understanding the droplet behavior of the impinging spray comprehensively is essential to evaluate the spray atomization characteristics. However, in experiments, the size and distribution of droplets are hardly investigated in direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines because of the high droplet density during the fuel injection period. In this paper, a spray slicer was adopted to cut the dense spray into thin flake with the objective of observing discrete droplets. And the particle image analysis (PIA) technique was used to detect droplet behaviors at different locations under various injection pressures of 10, 20, and 30 MPa. The results showed that the number density and velocity of droplets at the spray tip gradually decreased along the direction of spray development. The droplet away from the wall has a larger Y component of velocity (Vy). Furthermore, with an increase in injection pressure, the droplet velocity at the spray tip increased dramatically, and the atomization was greatly improved. Besides, sauter mean diameter (SMD) significantly declined at the upstream. However, Weber number (We) was almost the same at the fixed downstream locations under all injection pressures. Finally, We distribution of droplets concentrated at significantly smaller values under the fixed pressure. With an increase in injection pressure, We of droplets distributed near a large value range at all fixed locations.