LAUSR

• Laparoscopic surgery has developed very rapidly and extensively in various surgical specialites. • Nonetheless, the complexities of the procedures and a long operative time, laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD), has not been widely used in the surgical resection of the periampullary tumors. • Highly accumulated experiences of the laparoscopic surgery and the development of new instruments enable surgeons to perform this challenging procedure, currently. • In conventional laparoscopic setting, laparoscopic videos are two-dimensional (2D) in nature, one of major restrictions to surgeon is lack of depth perception and tactile feedback. • To overcome the restriction of 2D laparoscope, attempts to replace it with 3D laparoscopic surgery have begun to appear. • In the present study, We analyze the effect and advantages of 3D visualization on operative performance during LPD.