Abstract The strain energy release rate is calculated numerically for cracks in shells from shell elements by using the modified crack closure integral. This enables the separation of individual strain… Click to show full abstract
Abstract The strain energy release rate is calculated numerically for cracks in shells from shell elements by using the modified crack closure integral. This enables the separation of individual strain energy release rates for the different crack opening modes and the calculation of the corresponding stress intensity factors for mixed mode loading situations. The presented formulas are validated by comparing numerical results for a 3d finite element model with results computed from a plane shell model. These formulas are then used to calculate the stress intensity factors for thirteen crack configurations measured on a notched hollow cylinder under proportional cyclic loading.
               
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