LAUSR

Abstract In this study, a multi-nozzle ejector is proposed for hydrogen recirculation in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. Numerical simulations are performed on the basis of an experimentally verified three-dimensional numerical model to investigate the performance and inner-flow distribution of the proposed multi-nozzle ejector. We show that the fuel cell system with the multi-nozzle ejector can achieve a wide output-power range without a significant change in the primary pressure by simply switching the operating mode of the nozzles; moreover, the recirculation ratios are acceptable. The output-power can cover the range of 20–25 kW and 35–100 kW theoretically; in addition, a relatively stable anodic inlet pressure can be achieved. The collaboration of nozzles can effectively restrain the vortex, and the operating mode with two nozzles can achieve the best recirculation capacity. The proposed method extends the operating range of the ejector and the results of this study may contribute to the further multi-nozzle ejector design.