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Flux growth and enhanced electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material by excess lithium carbonate for lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract Layered LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (LNCM) cathode material is synthesized via an assisted molten salt method with different amounts of Li2CO3 in this work. Rietveld refinements of X-ray diffraction reveal that the… Click to show full abstract

Abstract Layered LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (LNCM) cathode material is synthesized via an assisted molten salt method with different amounts of Li2CO3 in this work. Rietveld refinements of X-ray diffraction reveal that the samples treated using excess lithium have better crystalline structures with lower cation mixing than pristine LNCM. With variations in Li/transition metal (TM) molar ratio, the morphology changes from aggregations consisting of primary particles (with a size around 500 nm) to dispersed micron particles (with a size around 2 μm) as characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. The sample with a Li/TM ratio of 2.1 has excellent cycling capability at 1 C in the voltage range of 2.8–4.4 V, and has a 97.5% capacity retention with an initial capacity of 143.8 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. The rate capability is also enhanced, exhibiting 89.5% of the first discharge capacity at 5 C after 200 cycles. The Li diffusion coefficients are collected using the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and increase with an increase in the lithium content. In-situ X-ray diffraction confirms that molten salt leads to less change in the crystal structural volume, thus providing sustainable evolution of structure against repeated cycling.

Keywords: cathode material; lini0 5co0; 5co0 2mn0; excess lithium; 2mn0 3o2; lithium

Journal Title: Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Year Published: 2019

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