Abstract In this paper, vanadium ion (V4+) doped ZrO2 pigment (Vx-ZrO2) and vanadium/yttrium ions (V4+/Y3+) co-doped ZrO2 pigment (VxYy-ZrO2) were synthesized via inorganic sol-gel route. The Vx-ZrO2 and VxYy-ZrO2 pigments… Click to show full abstract
Abstract In this paper, vanadium ion (V4+) doped ZrO2 pigment (Vx-ZrO2) and vanadium/yttrium ions (V4+/Y3+) co-doped ZrO2 pigment (VxYy-ZrO2) were synthesized via inorganic sol-gel route. The Vx-ZrO2 and VxYy-ZrO2 pigments with the low V4+ content still have excellent color performance, because the gel network is conducive to immobilize coloring ions which to reduce the loss of coloring ions. The results show that the Vx-ZrO2 pigment has the optimal chromatic parameters of L∗ = 68.40, a∗ = 7.93, b∗ = 43.72 when the x-value is 0.04. The measurement of EDS indicates the actual doping amount of V4+ is up to 3.14 mol%. The introduction of Y3+ in a moderate amount can increase the doping amount of V4+ in the V–ZrO2 pigment, because of Y3+ can activate zirconia lattice. Therefore, with the introduction of 1 mol% Y3+ in the ZrO2 lattice, the chromatic parameter of the pigment (i.e. V0.04Y0.01-ZrO2) is optimized to L∗ = 58.57, a∗ = 19.39, b∗ = 40.02, where the actual doping amount of V4+ increased to 3.48 mol%. Meanwhile, there is a synergy/competition mechanism in the process of V4+ and Y3+ co-doped into ZrO2 lattice. After applying on high-temperature ceramic glaze, the V0.04-ZrO2 and V0.04Y0.01-ZrO2 pigment present superior tinting strength, high thermal stability and excellent chemical stability, indicating they are attractive application in ceramic decoration.
               
Click one of the above tabs to view related content.