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BACKGROUND Delay in primary care access for new patients to US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care services has been a persistent problem. This article presents the evaluation of a quality improvement (QI) intervention that provided new patients with same-day primary care access. It involved redesign of an intake clinic (IC) through which new patients were initially seen and referred to primary care. The redesign included changes in clinic flow and reallocation of two full-time primary care providers (PCPs) from IC to their primary care teams. METHODS A pre-post retrospective study evaluating a QI intervention at a VA hospital examined 22,220 administrative patient records. Specifically, 9,909 new patients seen in the three years prior to implementation of VA-HONORS (preintervention group) were compared with 12,311 patients seen in the three years after implementation (postintervention group). Study outcomes were (1) number of days to first appointment with PCP, (2) proportion of patients receiving same-day primary care access, and (3) visit cycle time. RESULTS Preintervention, median first primary care appointment delay was 96 days, compared to 0 days postintervention (p < 0.001). Preintervention, 3.1% of new patients were able to obtain same-day primary care appointment, compared with 91.5% postintervention (p < 0.001). Median visit cycle time was 140 minutes preintervention vs. 148 minutes postintervention (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS New patients' same-day access system redesign at one VA hospital dramatically eliminated first primary care appointment delay. The redesign was feasible and sustainable for a sizable population and serves as a model for similar settings with new patients' primary care access delay.