LAUSR

Abstract A Measureable, Reportable, and Verifiable (MRV) system is an important tool for tracking the performance of greenhouse gas (GHG)-regulation schemes, especially Emission Trading System (ETS). As a voluntary program, the Thailand Voluntary Emission Trading System (Thailand V-ETS) was established in 2014 as one of important instruments to help reduce GHG emissions. The Thailand V-ETS focuses on the high-intensive energy industry, especially that associated with the petrochemical industry, which has complex of GHG sources with various emission factors. Therefore, MRVs-related activities in the ETS must be urgently developed. The objective of this study was to develop MRV guidelines for the Thailand V-ETS so that factories participating in the system can effectively, consistently, reliably, and compatibly report their GHG emissions. There are currently 7 petrochemical plants participating in this program; GHG emission data from these plants were collected and reported according to the MRV guidelines. A bottom-up perspective of the MRV for the Thailand V-ETS, which was based on data gathered from interviews, meetings, audits, desktop research, and consultations with stakeholders, was provided, and the boundary system, methodologies, and association among schemes were examined. An analysis of these data revealed that the total GHG emissions from petrochemical plants were 7.85 and 7.95 MtCO 2 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The data obtained in this study suggest that specific emission factors should be calculated based on the raw data obtained from each petrochemical plant. Scope II (i.e., indirect emissions) data should not be included in GHG emissions reports. Some factories were unable to provide GHG data within a reasonable period. The MRV guidelines tested in this study might improve the reporting of GHG emissions to ETS registries, although some issues must be resolved. In the future, a suitable uncertainty level should be further investigated to improve the quality of GHG data from the factories, which can reflect to the reliability and robustness of the MRV system in the ETS scheme.