LAUSR

Abstract Objectives The objectives were to determine the proportion of eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that contributed data to individual participant data meta-analyses (IPDMAs) and explore associated factors. Study Design and Setting IPDMAs with ≥10 eligible RCTs were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane May 1, 2015 to February 13, 2017. Mixed-effect logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with data contribution. Results Of 774 eligible RCTs from 35 included IPDMAs, 517 (67%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 63%–70%) contributed data. Compared to RCTs from journals with low-impact factors (0–2.4), RCTs from journals with higher impact factors were more likely to contribute data: impact factor 5.0–9.9, odds ratio [OR] 2.6, 95% CI: 1.37–4.86; impact factor: 10.0–19.9, OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 3.0–10.8; impact factor >20.0, OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.9–11.4. RCTs from the United Kingdom were more likely to contribute data than those from the United States (reference; OR: 2.4, 95% CI, 1.3–4.6). There was an increase in OR per publication year (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.09). Conclusion The country where RCTs are conducted, impact factor of the journal where RCTs are published, and RCT publication year were associated with data contribution in IPDMAs with ≥10 eligible RCTs.