Worldwide, human norovirus (HuNoV) is a major cause of intestinal infectious gastroenteritis, leading to morbidity and mortality in children and the elderly, and it thus has major social and economic… Click to show full abstract
Worldwide, human norovirus (HuNoV) is a major cause of intestinal infectious gastroenteritis, leading to morbidity and mortality in children and the elderly, and it thus has major social and economic influences. Neither an effective vaccine nor an effective treatment is currently available. One of the biggest reasons for the lack of an appropriate prevention or treatment strategy is the unavailability of methods for culturing HuNoV. The recent development of a system of HuNoV replication in human primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) has spawned advances in HuNoV characterization and opened up new strategies for HuNoV vaccine development. However, this technique currently requires human tissue cells
               
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