LAUSR

Abstract A new species of Parapentaneura Stur, Fittkau et Serrano 2006 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae) breeding on phytotelmata of the bromeliad Aechmea distichantha Lemaire in northwestern of argentinean “Yungas” is described and adults and immatures are figured. The first formal description of a Parapentaneura female adult is conducted. Information about bionomics and distribution of the new species is provided. Notes about morphology traits of phytotelm pupae of Tanypodinae are presented. These pupae tend to have thoracic horns relatively long, non-globose, corona absent and the atrium not or slightly lobulated. The phylogenetic relationship between the genera Parapentaneura, Pentaneura Philippi and Hudsonimyia Roback is tested in a phylogenetic analysis in the context of the cladistic setting of Tanypodinae recently proposed and, characters are analyzed and discussed.