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Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa presenting as a paraneoplastic phenomenon in chronic myelogenous leukemia

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c-ANCA: cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies CML: chronic myelogenous leukemia cPAN: cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa PAN: polyarteritis nodosa INTRODUCTION There is a well-established relationship between vasculitides andmalignancy. Themost common type of cutaneous vasculitis… Click to show full abstract

c-ANCA: cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies CML: chronic myelogenous leukemia cPAN: cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa PAN: polyarteritis nodosa INTRODUCTION There is a well-established relationship between vasculitides andmalignancy. Themost common type of cutaneous vasculitis associated with both hematologic and solid organ malignancy is leukocytoclastic vasculitis, a small-vessel vasculitis. Other systemic vasculitides with cutaneous manifestations seen in associationwithmalignancy include systemic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides, including microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cPAN), a rare variant of systemic PAN, is a skin-limited small-tomedium vessel vasculitis affecting patients of all ages. Clinically, cPAN and systemic PAN present similarly with initial cutaneous findings of livedo reticularis and tender subcutaneous nodules, which are most commonly found on the lower extremities. Cutaneous ulceration and retiform purpura may also be seen in both conditions. Cutaneous PAN is not commonly associated with malignancy. We present a case of cPAN developing in the context of underlying chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and resolving with treatment for CML, supportive of a paraneoplastic presentation of cPAN.

Keywords: polyarteritis nodosa; polyarteritis; chronic myelogenous; myelogenous leukemia; cutaneous polyarteritis

Journal Title: JAAD Case Reports
Year Published: 2021

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