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Abstract Meat and bone meal (MBM) ash was characterized and used for phosphate wastewater treatment and phosphorus recovery. The bottom ash (MBM-BA) with size >250 µm accounted for ~80% and distributed… Click to show full abstract
Abstract Meat and bone meal (MBM) ash was characterized and used for phosphate wastewater treatment and phosphorus recovery. The bottom ash (MBM-BA) with size >250 µm accounted for ~80% and distributed evenly in the >1000 µm, 500–1000 µm, and 250–500 µm fractions, while air pollution control residue (MBM-APCr) distributed evenly among the 250–500 µm, 125–250 µm, and 1000 µm and 8 was favorable to P removal. Based on the compositions of the solid phases, extracts before and after treatment, and Ca/P ratio 1.22–1.73, the phosphate removal mechanisms were dominated by HAP crystallization/precipitation. Using MBM-BA for wastewater treatment increased its P content to 16.30%. Depending on particle size, the acid consumption for P recovery of 84% from MBM-BA was 2.6–3.0 mM H+/mM P. Strategies for management and utilization of MBMA according to these findings were proposed.