LAUSR

Abstract The role of polyamines of the human Lactobacillus plantarum strain Inducia (DSM 21379) for modulation of innate immune markers was explored. The strains’ genes for polyamines, and amino acid metabolites were tested. Edam-type cheese comprised with putrescine producing strain Inducia, and control cheese were administered to n = 20 NIH-line mice and tested in 12 healthy Estonian volunteers (ISRCTN38739209) consuming 50 g Inducia cheese (3 × 109 CFU/daily) and control cheese in blinded placebo-controlled 3-week cross-over trial In experimental mice the amount of ileal and colonic lymphatic tissue, the count and diversity of lactobacilli increased. In volunteers' urine acetylated putrescine (p = 0.021); monocytes (p = 0.032), and cytokine IL-6 (p = 0.020) content in blood increased moderately. The amount of putrescine with IL-6 (r = 0.892, p = 0.003); acetylated spermidine with monocytes (r = 0.657, p = 0.039) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (r = 0.848, p = 0.004) were correlated. Polyamines of L. plantarum Inducia and its food products can enhance the innate immune markers.