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herpesvirus-6 encephalitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation K.Kuroshima, T.Tsuchida, C.Sato, S.Ura, K.Yoshida, S.Shimoyama, T.Sakai, Y.Konuma, K.Kohda Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Neurology, Asahikawa, Japan Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Hematology and Oncology, Asahikawa, Japan Background Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) causes exanthema subitum; it becomes latent after primary infection and reactivates in immunocompromised patients, causing various neurological symptoms. We describe four patients who developed HHV-6 encephalitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Objective To clarify the usefulness of MRI in detecting neurological abnormalities during early-stage of-6encephalitis. Patients and Methods We analyzed the history, neurological symptoms, high-level copies of HHV-6 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain MRI findings of four patients (median age, 62 years) who developed HHV-6 encephalitis after HSCT between April 2011 and March 2016.