LAUSR

Introduction: This prospective randomized controlled study evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcome of endodontic microsurgery when using iRoot BP Plus Root Repair Material (BP‐RRM; Innovative BioCeramix Inc, Vancouver, BC, Canada) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as the retrograde filling material and analyzed the relationship between some potential prognostic factors and the outcome of the surgery. Methods: By using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 240 teeth were successfully enrolled and randomly and equally allocated to either the MTA or BP‐RRM treatment group. A standardized surgical procedure was performed by a single operator. The patients were followed up at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months; follow‐up included clinical and radiographic examination. Clinical and radiographic evaluations acquired at the 12‐month follow‐up were taken as the primary outcome. For the identification of prognostic factors, the dichotomous outcome (success vs failure) was taken as the dependent variable. Results: A total of 158 teeth were analyzed at the 12‐month follow‐up, including 87 teeth in the MTA group and 71 teeth in the BP‐RRM group. The success rate in the MTA and BP‐RRM groups was 93.1% (81/87 teeth) and 94.4% (67/71 teeth), respectively (P > .05). Three significant outcome predictors were identified: quality of root filling (P < .05), tooth type (P < .05), and size of the lesion (P < .05) Conclusions: These results suggest that BP‐RRM is comparable with MTA in clinical outcome when used as root‐end filling materials in endodontic microsurgery.