LAUSR

Introduction: Calcium silicate bioceramics have been broadly used as reparative or grafting materials with good bioactivity and biocompatibility in dental application. It has been shown that applying a mesoporous process to calcium silicate gives it great potential as a controlled drug delivery system. Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate a novel osteoinductive scaffold by loading bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) to mesoporous calcium silicate (MesoCS) and fabricating it as 3‐dimensional scaffolds using fused deposition modeling combined with polycaprolactone. Results: The MesoCS/BMP‐2 scaffold showed similar patterns to that of a calcium silicate scaffold in releasing calcium and silicon ions in a simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test for 7 days, but BMP‐2 continued releasing from the MesoCS/BMP‐2 scaffold significantly more than the CS scaffold from 48 hours to 7 days. Adhesion and proliferation of human dental pulp cells cultured on a MesoCS/BMP‐2 scaffold were also more significant than scaffolds without BMP‐2 or mesoporous as well as the results of the test on alkaline phosphatase activity. Conclusions: The results support that the novel 3‐dimensional–printed MesoCS scaffold performed well as BMP‐2 delivery system and would be an ideal odontoinductive biomaterial in regenerative endodontics.