LAUSR

INTRODUCTION Masticatory myofascial pain syndrome can present similarly to other dental conditions in odontogenetic structures. Endodontists should be familiar with the symptomology and pathophysiology of masticatory myofascial pain syndrome to avoid misdiagnosis, incorrect treatment, and medicolegal repercussions. The aim of this review is to provide a foundational summary for endodontists to identify and correctly manage masticatory myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS A narrative review of literature was performed through a Medline search and a hand search of the major myofascial pain textbooks. RESULTS Masticatory myofascial pain syndrome is a musculo-ligamentous syndrome that can present similarly to odontogenic pain, or refer pain to the eyebrows, ears, temporomandibular joints, maxillary sinus, tongue, and hard palate. Currently, the most comprehensive pathophysiology theory describing masticatory myofascial pain syndrome is the expanded integrated hypothesis. The most widely accepted diagnostic guideline for masticatory myofascial pain syndrome are the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders; however, their diagnostic capability is limited. There is no hierarchy of treatment methods as each patient requires a tailored and multi-disciplinary management aimed at regaining the muscle's range of motion, deactivating the myofascial trigger points, and maintaining pain relief. CONCLUSIONS The pain patterns for masticatory myofascial pain syndrome are well known; however, there is a lack of consensus on the most proper method of trigger point diagnosis or pain quantification. The diagnostic strategies for masticatory myofascial pain syndrome vary, and the diagnostic aids are not well developed.