LAUSR

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Evidence-based practice (EBP) has been identified as a foundation of mainstream medical practice, yet pediatric surgery has been slow in the acceptance and implementation of EBP. METHODS Semi-structured interviews of 14 pediatric surgeons were conducted to determine barriers and facilitators to EBP. Resulting data were analyzed using a systematic 3-step approached of coding, generation of specific beliefs, and identification of domains relevant to practice change. RESULTS Six domains were identified as relevant to changing pediatric surgeons' use of evidence in practice: environmental context and resources, goals, knowledge, skills, social influence, and social/professional role and identity. Important barriers to EBP implementation included time constrains and resource limitations, the general poor quality of evidence in pediatric surgery, a lack of required skills, and a culture that continues to rely on an apprenticeship style of teaching. Facilitators include working in a research hospital, and having a local champion/ peers that support EBP implementation. There were conflicting thoughts as to whether working as a group facilitated or impeded EBP. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric surgeons' use of research evidence in practice is influenced by a number of domains. These results may be used to inform the design of behavior change interventions intended to encourage EBP implementation. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE Level V.