There has been much debate as to whether the distinction between lupus nephritis class IV-S and class IV-G is clinically relevant and whether antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are pathomechanistically involved because… Click to show full abstract
There has been much debate as to whether the distinction between lupus nephritis class IV-S and class IV-G is clinically relevant and whether antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are pathomechanistically involved because they have been associated with the more necrotic and pauci-inflammatory phenotype of lupus nephritis that is more often seen in class IV-S. Recent data show that antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity indeed influences the histological pattern of lupus nephritis and is associated with worse baseline renal function and more active lupus serology.
               
Click one of the above tabs to view related content.