LAUSR

hairdressers and bartenders, etc. They also meet people in a crisis. They can listen attentively to them talk, express support, give them advice and generally help them to manage their problems. The person “helping at the fourth level” is anybody trying to help a relative, friend, somebody they know or even a stranger to deal with a problem. Carkhuff and Pierce [5] divide the helping persons into functional (those who have skills needed for helping), and non-functional (those who lack these skills). The best helping professionals are people who continuously refresh their practical knowledge and abilities to help, particularly by means of feedback from their clients. The professional helpers in healthcare include doctors, nurses, other non-medical professionals and social workers, i.e. those whose complete orientation, their profession, is focused on various ways of helping others. Helping professions are ranked among the professions that need skills and knowledge about the way of helping. The psychological and social aspects of healthcare professions, particularly the nursing profession, which is one of the helping professions, demand interdisciplinary nursing education that ensures healthcare professionals understand their specialty as a multicultural and transdisciplinary specialty. This positively influences the approach to patients and enables the individualization of nursing care and a complex approach to a patient. The nursing profession is one of helping professions focused on giving assistance to individuals, families and communities in achieving, maintaining and recovering optimum health and functioning. V. Henderson [6], who significantly influenced nursing in the middle of the previous century, saw the basic nursing function as “helping healthy or ill individuals to perform activities