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A simple method to determine tramadol using a coated-wire electrode as a detector in the flow injection analysis

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Abstract A new simple and fast electrochemical method has been developed, in the current paper, to quantify tramadol hydrochloride in pure solutions and pharmaceuticals, employing the flow injection analysis (FIA)… Click to show full abstract

Abstract A new simple and fast electrochemical method has been developed, in the current paper, to quantify tramadol hydrochloride in pure solutions and pharmaceuticals, employing the flow injection analysis (FIA) technique. To achieve this, a coated-wire electrode detector has been manufactured using tramadol with phospho molibidic acid in the presence of chlorovinyl benzene. The characteristics of this electrode were studied by assessing the optimal conditions, concentration range, minimal limit of Nernst response, a minimal range of sensitivity, response time, flow rate, the degree of dispersion, accuracy, precision, and detection limits. The study also identified the selectivity of the electrode in the presence of other ions as interferences. The electrode gave the best Nernstian slope of the calibration curve at -58 mV per decade. The response time was 8 s; detection limit 1.2 × 10–6 M; concentration ranged between 100 and 0.01 mM, with a sampling rate of 90 samples per hour. Results of the statistical analysis confirmed that the developed method has high accuracy (the relative error was 0.8192%). The recovered percentage of tramadol from pharmaceutical dosage forms ranged 99.53 to 100.64%.

Keywords: injection analysis; electrode; method; flow injection; tramadol; analysis

Journal Title: Microchemical Journal
Year Published: 2019

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