LAUSR

Abstract The solubility of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in mixed solvents of ( N , N -dimethylformamide + ethanol), ( N , N -dimethylformamide +  n -propanol) and ( N , N -dimethylformamide +  n -butanol) were determined experimentally by using the isothermal dissolution method within the temperatures ranging from (273.15 to 313.15) K under atmosphere pressure (101.2 kPa). The solubility of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde increased with increasing temperature and mass fraction of N , N -dimethylformamide for the binary systems of ( N , N -dimethylformamide + ethanol), ( N , N -dimethylformamide +  n -propanol) and ( N , N -dimethylformamide +  n -butanol). At the same temperature and mass fraction of N , N -dimethylformamide, the mole fraction solubility of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in ethanol was greater than those in the other two systems. The obtained solubility data were correlated by employing CNIBS/R-K model, Jouyban–Acree model, van't Hoff–Jouyban–Acree model, modified Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree and Sun model. The largest values of relative average deviation ( RAD ) and root-mean-square deviation ( RMSD ) between the experimental and calculated solubility were 0.92 × 10 − 2 and 6.22 × 10 − 4 , respectively, which were obtained with Jouyban–Acree model for the system of N , N -dimethylformamide +  n -propanol. On the whole, the CNIBS/R-K model was proven to provide better representation of the experimental solubility data. Based on the measured solubility, the dissolution enthalpies of the dissolution process were computed. Dissolution process of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in these mixed solvents was endothermic. The experimental solubility and solubility models could be helpful in purifying 4-nitrobenzaldehyde from its isomeric mixtures.