Abstract Simultaneous quantification of anticancer drug and inflammatory agents in the biological fluids with a fast and responsive approach is essential for successful treatment and tracking. Here we report the… Click to show full abstract
Abstract Simultaneous quantification of anticancer drug and inflammatory agents in the biological fluids with a fast and responsive approach is essential for successful treatment and tracking. Here we report the simultaneous electrochemical determination structurally similar analytes of anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and inflammatory agents uric acid (UA) and xanthine (XA) for the first time. Initially, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQD) decorated iron oxide (N-CQD@Fe2O3) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Then this material and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were dispersed with an ultrasonicator, and a ternary nanocomposite was prepared. N-CQDs play a key role in ternary nanocomposite formation and electrochemical efficiency. Interestingly, the ternary nanocomposite exhibited surprisingly low charge transfer resistance (Rct) due to N-CQDs' inclusion in the Fe2O3 matrix and its hybridization with MWCNT, indicating rapid electron transport on its surface. Thus, the modified electrode, N-CQD@Fe2O3/MWCNT/GCE, showed excellent sensitivity for the detection of UA, XA, and 5-FU with the detection limit of 0.106, 0.092, and 0.019 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. Also, the established sensor has excellent stability, repeatability, and reproducibility. Further, the sensor was testified with a human urine sample, and the observed remarkable recovery results replicate its practical applicability.
               
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