LAUSR

ABSTRACT Psychological resilience refers to the ability that individuals can positively adapt and respond to stress and adversity. It is important for mental health and well‐being. However, there was few study examined the functional connectivity basis of psychological resilience. The present study used resting‐state seed‐based functional connectivity to explore the neural basis of psychological resilience and its association with positive affect in a big healthy sample. Results showed that resilience is associated with functional connectivity between regions involved in emotional flexibility, coping ability, and inhibitory control. Specifically, resilience is positively correlated with the strength of the left insula and the right parahippocampus connectivity which is involved in the self‐evaluation process. It is also positively correlated with the strength of the left orbitofrontal gyrus (OFC) and the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) connectivity which is associated with the flexible use of emotional resources and flexible control in processing affective information. Additionally, resilience is negatively correlated with the strength of the left OFC and the right precuneus connectivity which is implicated in the rumination in negatively self‐related thoughts. Crucially, the left OFC‐IFG connectivity mediated the effect of positive affect on resilience, supporting the opinion that positive affect facilitates resilience by broadening one's attention and promoting flexible thinking and coping abilities. In summary, these findings extend previous studies by revealing the functional connectivity basis of psychological resilience and highlighting the left OFC‐IFG connectivity as a neural substrate linking positive affect and psychological resilience. HIGHLIGHTSThe functional connectivity basis of psychological resilience was examined.Resilience is positively correlated with the left insula‐right parahippocampus (PHG) connectivity and the left orbitofrontal gyrus (OFC)‐inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) connectivity.Resilience is negatively correlated with the left OFC‐right precuneus connectivity.The left OFC‐IFG connectivity mediated the effect of positive affect on resilience.