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PURPOSE To develop consensus terminology in the setting of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and to develop and validate a set of diagnostic criteria not requiring indocyanine green angiograph (ICGA) for differentiating PCV from typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based on a combination of OCT and color fundus photograph findings. DESIGN Evaluation of diagnostic test PARTICIPANTS: Panel of retina specialists. METHODS As part of the Asia-Pacific Ocular Imaging Society (APOIS), an international group of experts surveyed and discussed the published literature regarding the current nomenclature and lesion components for PCV and proposed an updated consensus nomenclature, which reflects our latest understanding based on imaging and histology reports. The workgroup evaluated a set of diagnostic features based on OCT and color fundus photographs for PCV that may distinguish it from typical nAMD and assessed the performance of individual and combinations of these non-ICGA features, aiming to propose a new set of diagnostic criteria which does not require the use of ICGA. The final recommendation was validated in 80 eyes from 2 additional cohorts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A consensus nomenclature system for PCV lesion components and non-ICGA-based criteria to differentiate PCV from typical nAMD. RESULTS The workgroup recommended the terms 'polypoidal lesion' and 'branching neovascular network' for the two key lesion components in PCV. For the diagnosis of PCV, the combination of 3 OCT-based 'major criteria' (sub-RPE ring-like lesion, enface OCT complex RPE elevation, and sharp-peaked PED) achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90. Validation of this new scheme in a separate subset 110 eyes achieved an accuracy of 82%. CONCLUSIONS We propose updated terminology for PCV lesion components which better reflect the nature of these lesions which was based on international consensus. A set of practical diagnostic criteria that are easily applied to SD-OCT can be used for diagnosing PCV with high accuracy in clinical settings in which ICGA is not routinely performed.