LAUSR

Abstract Callithrix is a genus of small sized primates endemic to Brazil. Callithrix jacchus and C. penicillata have become invasive in the Atlantic Forest, outside their native range, being a concern especially for birds. We reviewed the literature to understand the impact of these marmosets on native species. Most studies were about marmoset's diet, as opposed to its impacts on birds, reporting a diet dominated by plant items, complemented by animal items (mostly arthropods) particularly during the dry season. The studies found low rates of marmoset predation of birds. 90% of the 19 species preyed by these marmosets were widespread non-threatened birds, and only five were recorded within marmoset's invaded range. Of the four studies focused on the impacts of invasive marmoset's predation on birds, two found no impact and two found a strong negative impact of marmoset egg predation on two birds in coastal restinga vegetation. We conclude that there is weak evidence available to date of a negative impact of invasive marmosets on Atlantic Forest birds, but with a clear need for studies that focus on population trends of preyed birds, instead of studies on marmoset's diet, to determine whether invasive marmoset are harmful to Atlantic Forest birds.