LAUSR

Purpose: Rural health care providers (HCPs) care for millions of Americans despite challenges. Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) provides rural HCPs training in assessment and interventions for critically ill/injured pediatric patients (American Heart Association, 2015). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of integration of high fidelity simulators into PALS courses in a rural setting. Design and Methods: Participants were randomized by course to control or experimental PALS conditions where the control group received PALS with low fidelity static manikins (LFM) and the experimental group received PALS with high‐fidelity simulators (HFS). Multiple level modeling (MLM) was used to examine participants time‐to‐task on pre‐identified skills on PALS core case scenarios during testing on the last day of the course. MLM also was used to examine the differences in PALS knowledge and skills self‐efficacy (SEI) between control and experimental groups at course end and six months later. Results: The experimental and control groups had similar scores on the PALS post course knowledge exam, however the skill performance of the experimental group on time‐to‐task in core case scenarios was significantly better when compared to the control group (p = 0.05). A decrease in knowledge exam scores and SEI scores occurred in both groups over time, however the control group had significantly greater declines in PALS written exam (p = 0.042) and SEI (p = 0.003). Conclusions and Practice Implications: Integration of HFS into PALS may increase HCPs' ability to recall valuable knowledge when seconds matter most. Further research in long‐term recall of knowledge and retention of skills following PALS training is needed. HIGHLIGHTSIntegration of Simulation Technology into Pediatric Advanced Life Support courses can improve resuscitation knowledge retention overtime.Integration of Simulation Technology into Pediatric Advanced Life Support courses can improve skill self‐efficacy in rural health care providers.Participants completing Pediatric Advanced Life Support core case scenarios with High Fidelity Simulation are able to recognize the health problem on average 18 s faster than participants in a traditional Pediatric Advanced Life Support Courses with low fidelity manikins. Earlier recognition and action could mean the difference between life, death, and disability in pediatric patients.