Abstract Proppants have evolved from their primary role of preventing fracture closure to performing technically functional roles within reservoirs. This paper presents an extensive review of recent advances in functional… Click to show full abstract
Abstract Proppants have evolved from their primary role of preventing fracture closure to performing technically functional roles within reservoirs. This paper presents an extensive review of recent advances in functional proppant technology. Multifunctional proppant roles, such as the enhancement of multiphase flow of reservoir fluids, delivery of CO2 for enhanced gas recovery, detection of fracture geometry, removal of contaminants, fracture moderation, treatment of flowback water, as well as proppant flow back retardation are presented. Advances in proppants with good transport and placement properties, such as, self suspended proppants and in-situ generated proppants were further addressed. Recent field and laboratory works suggested that conventionally sized proppants (
               
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