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Phlenumdines D and E, new Lycopodium alkaloids from Phlegmariurus nummulariifolius, and their regulatory effects on macrophage differentiation during tumor development

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Abstract Two new Lycopodium alkaloids, phlenumdines D (1) and E (2), have been isolated from the club moss Phlegmariurus nummulariifolius (Blume) Ching along with ten known compounds (3−12), and the… Click to show full abstract

Abstract Two new Lycopodium alkaloids, phlenumdines D (1) and E (2), have been isolated from the club moss Phlegmariurus nummulariifolius (Blume) Ching along with ten known compounds (3−12), and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by chemical conversion and modified Mosher’s method, respectively. Phlenumdines E (2), A (8), hupermine A (12), and 12-epi-lycopodine-N-oxide (14) exhibited an inhibitory effect on interleukin 10 (IL-10)-induced expression of CD163, a M2 phenotype marker, in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs).

Keywords: phlenumdines new; new lycopodium; alkaloids phlegmariurus; lycopodium alkaloids; phlegmariurus nummulariifolius

Journal Title: Phytochemistry Letters
Year Published: 2019

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