Highlights • Facial dysmorphology was studied as an accessible index of brain dysmorphogenesis.• Bipolar patients showed complex, non-linear changes relative to control subjects.• Bipolar disorder was characterised by retrusion of… Click to show full abstract
Highlights • Facial dysmorphology was studied as an accessible index of brain dysmorphogenesis.• Bipolar patients showed complex, non-linear changes relative to control subjects.• Bipolar disorder was characterised by retrusion of the frontonasal prominences.• The findings indicate dysmorphogenesis in bipolar disorder during early fetal life.
               
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