LAUSR

Abstract The poor performance of perovskite solar cells is a barrier to them applying to the solar industry. The performance of perovskite solar cells depends on electrons' behavior in their layers. Here, we present a theory based on electron reflection to describe the electrons' behavior in the perovskite solar cells. Researchers reported that spin-coating speed enhancement increases the open-circuit voltage. They attribute this enhancement to a reduction in the layer thickness. However, the morphology layer also affects it. We propose that electrons can reflect from interface while they are traversing the layers of the perovskite solar cells. The results show that the electron reflection from the interface depends on electron kinetic energy, contact angle, the difference between the mean inner potential of two connected layers, and the surface roughness value of the layer. Studies show that the performance of perovskite solar cells can improve by decreasing the difference between the mean inner potential of two connected layers and the surface roughness value of layers.